Pengaruh konfigurasi liquid jet flow kolom gelembung terhadap kemampuan absorpsi gas karbondioksida

S Setiadi, Dijan Supramono, Nur Istiqomah

Abstract


Efforts to improve the performance of CO2 absorption using bubbling columns and liquid jet flow have consistently been developed. The advantage of the present column is the presence of gas entrainment by suction of nozzle and the gas dispersed throughout the bulk of liquid by the formation of bubble clouds. The selection of liquid jet flow configuration used parameters of nozzle position and liquid jet inclination. The configurations have been examined by hydrodynamic test by measuring the ratio of volumetric rate of gas to that of liquid exiting nozzle (QG/QL) and gas holdup. Absorption test to the best configuration used NaOH solution with flowrate of 5 litres/min at atmospheric pressure and CO2 gas feed of 96.6%. The results showed that the configurations of liquid jet flow gave significant effect on hydrodynamics and that the best configurations had gas hold-up in the range of 0.55-0.6 and QG/QL 1.3-1.8. Absorption tests showed that CO2 concentration can be reduced into 0.01%-0.07% in less than five minutes and the absorption should proceed with the chemical reaction up to 10 minutes with no indication of CO2 desorption. The bubbles were generated in the column predominantly in the diameter range of 0.00097-0.00184 mm.

Keywords: Configurations of liquid jet, bubble column, gas entrainment, CO2 gas absorption


Abstrak

Upaya meningkatkan kinerja absorpsi gas CO2 yang memanfaatkan kolom gelembung dan liquid jet flow telah banyak dilakukan. Keunggulan kolom gelembung dalam riset ini adalah kolom menyebabkan gas entrainment (pengisapan gas) dan dispersi gas ke dalam cairan yang membentuk awan gelembung. Pemilihan konfigurasi liquid jet flow terbaik berdasarkan posisi nosel dan arah sudut tembakannya dan dengan mengukur rasio laju volumetrik aliran gas entrainment terhadap laju volumetrik aliran cairan (QG/QL) serta gas hold-up untuk setiap konfigurasi. Konfigurasi terbaik digunakan untuk menentukan kinerja kolom gelembung untuk mendapatkan kinerja kemampuan absorpsi yang setinggi-tingginya. Uji absorpsi dilakukan terhadap konfigurasi terbaik dengan menggunakan absorben larutan NaOH dengan laju alir 5 L/min pada tekanan atmosferik dan umpan gas CO2 dengan kadar 96,6%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi memberikan pengaruh cukup signifikan dan bahwa konfigurasi terbaik memberikan gas hold-up kisaran 0,55-0,65 dan rasio QG/QL bernilai 1,3-1,8. Uji absorpsi menunjukkan berkurangnya kadar CO2 menjadi 0,01% hingga 0,07% setelah absorpsi kurang dari 5 menit dan tetap tidak berubah sampai 10 menit. Hal ini menandakan bahwa absorpsi terjadi secara kimiawi antara gas CO2 dan NaOH and tidak terjadi desorpsi walaupun kolom gelembung tetap resirkulasi. Populasi gelembung menunjukkan distribusi ukuran gelembung lebih dominan pada rentang diameter antara 0,00097-0,00184 mm.

Kata Kunci: Konfigurasi liquid jet, kolom gelembung, gas entrainment, absorpsi gas CO2


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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2010.9.2.1

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